In that moment, you are focused on being able to communicate with someone who can send emergency personnel to your exact location. As fast as possible. GPS plays a part in all three – communicating with someone, defining your exact location, and reaching you as fast as possible.

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Timing signals from GPS satellites are critical to our communications networks, allowing callers to communicate with emergency services. This is because cell phone networks rely on GPS timing receivers to keep all their base stations perfectly synchronized, which allows mobile handsets to share limited radio spectrum more efficiently.

Location is one of the most important pieces of information on which first responders depend to provide timely emergency services. “Every minute counts” encapsulates the benefits accrued from integrating information derived from GPS signals into the emergency services infrastructure. To illustrate the importance of this information, the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC’s) January 2024 Report and Order on location-based routing for wireless 911 calls estimates this technology will improve call time responses by up to a minute, saving nearly 14,000 lives annually. Outdated systems — still operating in many areas — use cell towers, which can be as far as 10 miles away, as a reference point
for the caller’s location to dispatch emergency services. These systems misroute more than 20 million calls annually, wasting precious minutes in locating those in need. Updating these systems will enable first responders to efficiently locate and navigate to the person in need.

It is critical that federal, state and local governments continue to fund the adoption and operation of innovative, timesaving and accurate solutions to better serve the public. Your loved ones deserve nothing less.

Coming Soon: Next Generation 911

One of the ways in which GPS is being used in emergency response systems is through Next Generation 911 (NG911), a service that makes more precise location information widely available to first responders. Once fully implemented, NG911 will provide dispatchers real-time locations derived from callers’ phones and accept text messages, videos, and photos. Why is this important? NENA: The 9-1-1 Association, estimates 80% or more calls are placed from GNSS-enabled cell phones.

More than 40 states have begun to adopt NG911, according to an April 2024 Congressional Research Service report. Most of these states are still in the early stages of implementation. Many call centers continue to use legacy systems that do not use technology optimized to save lives.

A GPS III satellite model provided by GPSIA member Lockheed Martin was on display at the NG911 Institute’s Technology Showcase this spring, reminding attendees of the important role GPS satellites play today and in future NG911-enabled emergency services.

Accessible Emergency Services Serve Everyone

To bridge this gap between adoption and full implementation of NG911, third-party groups and regulators are jumping in to make vital improvements. Organizations such as accesSOS, a non- profit started by Gabriella Wong, shed light on the need for more accessible emergency services. Wong was inspired to develop the accesSOS app after her deaf father was left unable to call for help in two emergency situations. Today, approximately 50% of 911 call centers in the United States cannot accept text messages. accesSOS allows deaf and hard of hearing individuals to quickly describe their situation through an easily navigable user interface, which is then translated into a phone call made to 911 on behalf of the person in need. accesSOS uses GPS location data collected from phones to bridge the accessibility gap between areas that are using outdated systems and individuals who are left unattended by those systems.

accesSOS’ solution, along with many other ones, were on display at NG911 Institute’s Technology Showcase, including GPSIA member Garmin’s inReach-enabled devices. This service supports more than 210 dialects and languages and is available in more than 200 countries and territories. By supporting a vast array of languages, Garmin’s inReach technology exemplifies another aspect of accessibility where regulators can take additional action — overcoming language barriers.

In the United States, it is estimated that non-English speakers face wait times of 5-10 minutes when trying to connect with emergency services in their native languages. In some emergency situations, those minutes can be the difference between life and death. Industry is leading the way by ensuring personnel at their call centers can communicate in multiple languages with people who need help, regardless of the language they may be speaking.
By continuing to promote GPS- enabled solutions such as accesSOS, NG911, and inReach, we are ensuring the safety of our communities and our loved ones. The GPS Innovation Alliance (GPSIA) is proud to support the further integration of GPS into the emergency services infrastructure by uplifting innovative research and design efforts and promoting new ideas that provide lifesaving services to users across the globe.

When Highly Accurate Location Information is Not Appropriate

While providing a highly accurate location for a caller is essential to certain types of emergency response services, such accuracy is not warranted when calls are made to 988, the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. Since its nationwide rollout in July 2022, the Lifeline service has routed more than 9.6 million calls, texts and chats to crisis centers.

Preserving the caller’s privacy while quickly routing the call to the nearest crisis center is of the utmost importance. To preserve privacy, the caller’s precise location should not be shared. However, routing a call to a crisis center associated with the caller’s
area code — not disclosing the caller’s location — is not the answer either because the portability of mobile phone area codes has decoupled area codes from caller location. To address these shortcomings while preserving the caller’s privacy, the FCC has adopted a Second Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking suggesting that wireless carriers route 988 calls to nearby crisis support centers using the location of the nearest cell tower, which can be located within 10 miles of the caller, rather than using a device’s location or the caller’s address.

GPS is still integral to communications between the caller and Lifeline. This case illustrates how diverse GPS-enabled technologies and solutions support a wide range of emergency response services.

If you or a loved one is experiencing a mental health crisis, please dial or text 988 to reach a crisis counselor.

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Femtocell cellular base stations used by Global Medical Response (GMR) in their Dallas, Texas, offices are receiving high-accuracy GPS location and timing signals from RF-over-fiber links from ViaLite Communications.

The GPS signals help GMR provide emergency quality medical care at a moment’s notice, primarily in the areas of emergency and patient relocation services in the United States and around the world.

The Local Integrated GPS Splitter. (Photo: ViaLite)

The highly reliable system consists of a ViaLite GPS Link that sends the GPS and timing signals from the rooftop antenna down an optical fiber to a Local Integrated GPS splitter situated in the building. The splitter then distributes the timing data to multiple femtocells.

“The efficiency of ViaLite’s signal distribution techniques is second to none, and in this emergency support application, when action at a moment’s notice can be vital, our equipment’s reliability and performance are crucial,” explained Craig Somach, ViaLite sales director.

A monitoring and control module is built into the GPS splitter. (Photo: ViaLite)

Use of the high-tech splitter, which features a built-in monitoring and control module, also eliminates the need to install multiple antennas on the rooftop, avoiding the appearance of an antenna farm.

“As a first-time customer, we found the deployment was as smooth and simple as ViaLite had promised,” said Dan Cottom, senior manager of communication systems at GMR. “The GPS distribution is working great.”

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AT&T plans to use Galileo in conjunction with GPS to improve the accuracy of its E9-1-1 location services on mobile devices, and facilitate faster response from emergency services when wireless callers dial 9-1-1.

The request was approved by the FCC’s Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau .

The FCC found that AT&T had satisfied the conditions for commercial mobile radio service (CMRS) providers to integrate foreign satellite signals into E9-1-1 services.

Under E9-1-1 requirements established in 2015, CMRS providers seeking to use foreign signals for E9-1-1 services must meet several conditions, including ensuring that integrating non-U.S. signals won’t cause interference with the E9-1-1 system.

Carriers also need to submit a signal integration plan including a mechanism to detect, mitigate and disable Galileo signals if they cause harmful interference.

Read the order here.

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GIS company GeoComm is partnering with Atos Public Safety LLC on its contract with the State of California to transform the state’s 9-1-1 system.

The upgrade will turn the state’s system to a broadband communication platform. The upgrade will give California — a state with a population of 40 million, more than many countries — the ability to intelligently route, manage and deliver a broad array of real-time information to 9-1-1, including text messages.

The change also allows for an exchange of information within the 9-1-1 centers to reduce response time, enhance situational awareness and increase first responder safety.

GeoComm, in partnership with Atos, will serve as the State of California’s statewide Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG9-1-1) GIS data services provider.

Reliable and up-to-date GIS data is critical in NG9-1-1 to ensure accurate routing of 9-1-1 calls in an Emergency Services IP Network (ESInet). GeoComm’s public-safety GIS solution will power the underlying GIS data quality delivered through the Atos NG9-1-1 IP network and the regional networks as the authoritative NG9-1-1 GIS data for the state.

In August 2019, Atos was awarded a five-year, $198 USD million contract with the State of California to transform the state’s 9-1-1 system to leading-edge broadband communication platforms that advance emergency services for the public, 9-1-1 professionals and first responders.

“Access to a secure, reliable NG9-1-1 IP network will have a tremendous impact on the effectiveness of communications between emergency callers and first responder resources within communities,” said Phil Rotheram, Atos. “Atos Public Safety has been entrusted to migrate some of the world’s most mission-critical environments and we are happy to partner with GeoComm in the State of California for the critical statewide GIS element,”

“GeoComm continues to be recognized throughout the country as the leader in NG9-1-1 GIS solutions and services,” said Erik Loberg, GeoComm vice president of product management. “We are honored to be working with Atos Public Safety LLC and the State of California for this exciting NG9-1-1 transformation project as the state migrates its 9-1-1 network, advancing emergency services for the public, 9-1-1 professionals, and first responders.”

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